Document Type : Review
Authors
1
Department of Microbiology, National Center for Survey and Disease Diagnosis, Iran Veterinary Organization (IVO), Bushehr, Iran Animal and Animal Products-borne Diseases Research Center, IVO, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
3
Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Fishery Science Research, Agricultural and Natural Recourses Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kerman, Iran
5
Fishery Group, Faculty of Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
Abstract
The shrimp industry has significantly progressed in recent years, although the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) caused the W.S. disease (WSD). This destructive viral disease is one of the most important pathogens in this valuable business. It has significantly impacted shrimp aquaculture worldwide, creating economic problems country-wide. Therefore, it can be considered a deterrent factor for shrimp culture and aquatic farm development. Numerous experiences of developing aquaculture show that WSD has been responsible for mortality and excessive economic losses worldwide. This present review prepared an enormous amount of knowledge of WSD for increasing awareness for researchers in this field. The collected data include taxonomic classification, virus structure, transmission routes, geographical distribution, hosts, virus pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, and prevention methods. Moreover, according to the economic value of shrimp and its crucial role in supplying animal protein, the present review will state the current knowledge of this devastating virus. Consequently, it will provide helpful information for researchers and the aquaculture industry that deals with this serious issue.
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