Document Type : Review
Authors
1
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University 62511, Egypt
2
Environmental Science and Industrial Development Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt; Renewable Energy Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
3
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (Niof), Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
This review shows how adaptable cyanobacteria are for biotechnological uses; they are potent sources of bioactive substances, biofertilizers, bioplastics, energy, food, and pharmaceuticals. In the last decades, they have been applied to the synthesis of nanoparticles and in the bioremediation process. Diazotrophic cyanobacteria are known for their ability to fix nitrogen which making them important in the global nitrogen cycle. Cyanobacteria play a key role in the ecosystem by producing oxygen for other organisms. Moreover, they play a crucial role in the environment through their ability to perform photosynthesis, and nitrogen fixation in some species, and release important organic compounds. Their metabolic activities also contribute to the formation of a sizable portion of the world's limestone through the development of travertine and stromatolites. One of the notable features of some cyanobacteria is their filamentous growth habit; others are unicellular, which can range from unicellular to quasi-multicellular. The distribution of cyanobacteria is influenced by several factors, including environmental conditions, nutrient availability, and biotic interactions. Cyanobacteria have been found to be interacted with several types of metal nanoparticles (NPs), leading to the discovery of new potential uses and applications for these NPs. The interaction between cyanobacteria and metal NPs has been studied in different fields such as medicine, environmental protection, and industrial production, showing promising results in terms of anti-pathogenic, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant properties. To conclude, different strains of cyanobacteria and various types of metal NPs they interact with have a wide range of potential applications.
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