Document Type : Review
Authors
1
Multidisciplinary and Interdisciplinary School, Chiang Mai University, Mueang, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
2
Division of Food Science and Technology, School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mueang, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
3
Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
4
Research Center for Multidisciplinary Approaches to Miang, Multidisciplinary Research Institute (MDRI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Abstract
Studies on the bacteriocins of Bacillus species are increasing due to enhanced research interests and benefits for diverse applications ranging from bio-preservatives to probiotics, providing natural antimicrobial functions in fish farming and related aquaculture production needs. These benefits are due to their broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and mode of action, their ability to secrete these important peptides in large amounts (g/L level) in a culture medium, and the ubiquitous nature of producing strains. It is well known that fish farming industries are challenged with pathogenic infection, indiscriminate antibiotic use, and now linked to antibiotic resistance of pathogens due to poor sewage disposals and persistence in nature. To overcome these challenges and the quest to stop the unregulated use of conventional antibiotics in fish farming industries has encouraged studies toward more eco-friendly options such as probiotics and associated bacteriocins with antimicrobial potential. Therefore, this review summarized and discussed recent studies on the effectiveness of Bacillus strains probiotic application in fish farming, emphasizing the importance of their proper characterization, extended field trials and the need for specifications in the selection criteria of the potential Bacillus probiotic strains of interest before further investigations, approvals, and registrations.
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